Stackebrandt E, Liesack W (1993) Nucleic acids and classification
This small peptide hormone is also found to correlate with the severity of kidney lesions and is considered as a sensitive marker for AKI (Yu et al
PLoS ONE 6 , e21889 (2011)
Rat full-thickness wounds (6mm diameter, 13-day study) treated with GHK showed 64.5% reduction in wound size compared to 45.6% for vehicle-treated and 28.2% for control group, accompanied by significantly lower TNF- and elastin-degrading MMPs
Peptides complement rather than replace these approaches, adding regenerative support to conventional recovery strategies
Third, the discovery that MOTS-c also plays roles in immune regulation, particularly in suppressing innate immune overactivation, has opened research directions in inflammation-driven aging, autoimmunity, and potentially long-term sequelae of infections